![]() An increased risk of syphilis transmission occurs in mem having sex with men.Ĭongenital syphilis has increased 2-fold in the US between 20. ![]() Syphilis is predominantly transmitted sexually, including oral and anal sex, via skin to skin or mucocutaneous contact during the primary and secondary stages. pallidum disseminates within days after infection, resulting in the early invasion of distant tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). Syphilis is caused by a spirochete Treponema pallidum, which can affect the skin, heart, blood vessels, central nervous system, bones, and eyes. The total number of reported cases of syphilis (all stages) increased by 13.3% during 2017–2018 (from 101,584 cases to 115,045 cases).(2) The risk is particularly higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) and socially marginalized groups and those with HIV Co-infection. (5) In 2018, the total case count of reported syphilis was the highest recorded since 1991. There has been a recent resurgence in cases of syphilis in the last few years. The 2015 statistics from The Center for disease control and prevention (CDC) reported a 7.5 per 100,000 population of primary and secondary syphilis. ![]() The risk is particularly higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) and socially marginalized groups and those with HIV Co-infection. Since the advent of Penicillin in the mid-20 th century, the incidence of syphilis has reduced however it still represents a larger global problem and an estimated 12 million new cases of syphilis are added every year worldwide and more than 90% are from developing countries. There have been several hypotheses regarding the origin and spread of syphilis and it is believed that the disease was brought back from the New World by the crew of Christopher Columbus, some of whom likely had syphilis on returning to Spain. ![]() It was first recognized in Europe in the late 15th century. Syphilis is considered as a great mimicker due to its varied protean manifestations. ![]()
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